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Reading Guide
Section 4 of 9
Section
The Passage Reader
① The passage reader is the heart of the Reading module — every word and sentence is interactive. ② Top sticky bar: live word count, scroll progress, and live WPM (words-per-minute) calculated from when you opened the passage. ③ Exam-mode passages add a global countdown timer. When time runs out the comprehension quiz auto-submits with whatever answers you have. ④ The Reader Settings menu (top-right gear) lets you tune font size, line height, and contrast for comfort. ⑤ Translation toggle — when you have a target language set in your profile, you can flip the entire passage into your native language paragraph-by-paragraph for hard sections. ⑥ Two tabs at the top: Passage (the text + key vocabulary panel) and Questions (the comprehension quiz + post-quiz feedback). Both stay mounted so your quiz answers persist when you switch back. ⑦ Bookmark icon at the top — saves the passage to "Saved for later". ⑧ Export PDF button — downloads a clean printable copy with vocabulary list. ⑨ Tip: do one full read first, then open Questions. Resist the urge to ping-pong between text and quiz — exam strategy improves much faster when you commit to one full read.
Translation in English will appear here...

Focus expression
This passage is built around state-of-the-art — used 5× ✓
Tap any word for its meaning · select a phrase to highlight it.Key vocab highlighted
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fair and impartial to all parties involved
sprawiedliwy, słuszny
"They argue that access to technology should be more equitable, ensuring that high-quality tools are not just reserved for the wealthy but are accessible to all sectors of society."
the practice of designing products to break or become outdated quickly
planowane postarzanie produktu
"While manufacturers claim their products are durable, the reality of planned obsolescence tells a different story."
existing or available in large quantities; plentiful
obfity, liczny
"While natural resources once seemed abundant, the planet cannot sustain everlasting growth based on excessive waste."
no longer produced or used; out of date
przestarzały, przebrzmiały
"From smartphones to smart homes, the industry ensures that what was revolutionary yesterday feels obsolete today."
to succeed in achieving something difficult
dokonać czegoś, osiągnąć coś
"Yet, some innovators are trying to pull off a different strategy by creating modular hardware that lasts for decades."
to move in front of or become more successful than others
wyprzedzić kogoś
"To a large extent, our desire to pull ahead of our peers pushes us to upgrade constantly."
to leave behind a habit or need as one matures or changes
wyrastać z czegoś
"However, once the excitement of a new purchase fades, we often realize that we cannot outgrow our basic needs through consumption alone."
mainly or mostly; to a great degree
w dużej mierze, w znacznym stopniu
"To a large extent, our desire to pull ahead of our peers pushes us to upgrade constantly."
incorporating the newest and most advanced features
najnowocześniejszy
"This pressure is driven by the rapid release of state-of-the-art technology that promises to change our lives."
to have enough money to pay for basic living expenses
wiązać koniec z końcem
"Many people today feel trapped on a financial hamster wheel, working tirelessly just to make ends meet while chasing the latest gadgets."
Ready to test your comprehension?
According to the first paragraph, what is a primary reason people continue to buy new technology?
What does the author suggest about the current state of product repairs?
How does the author believe the manufacturing industry should change?
The author argues that the Earth is capable of supporting unlimited growth based on current consumption habits.
What can be inferred about the modular hardware mentioned in the second paragraph?
What is the closest meaning to the phrase 'pull off' as used in paragraph B?
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